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, are robust tracers of fluid origin, production mechanisms, and migration pathways. Helium, transported notably by CO₂ and hydrothermal fluids, is a key tracer of mantle contributions and deep sources of H
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to light, which opens new avenues for probing and controlling the properties of matter. Recent experimental advances have demonstrated the ability to couple mesoscopic systems—such as quantum dots and
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combine density functional theory (DFT), molecular simulations, and machine-learning force field (ML-FF) development to uncover the factors controlling NHC–surface interactions and to model realistic
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diagnostic marker for cancer. While many studies have investigated short-term cell size control, the potential link between cell volume and long-term adaptation remains surprisingly unknown. Using a synthetic